Why do humans invariably buy at the peak and sell at the trough?

Why do humans invariably buy at the peak and sell at the trough?



๐Ÿ“Œ Summary

The fundamental reason humans repeatedly make the mistake of buying at the peak and selling at the trough when investing lies in the dopamine response that fuels expectations of profit and the influence of group psychology, epitomised by FOMO. To overcome this and survive in the market, one requires systematised investing and the discipline to objectively observe one's own psychology.


๐Ÿ“– Why it matters! (Significance and context)

This analyses the recurring errors of human psychology: when the stock market surges, fuelling greed and expectations, investors make impulsive buying decisions; conversely, when fear reaches its peak in the market, they panic-sell. This instinctive psychology causes price distortions in the stock market, leading investors to buy at the peak and sell at the trough. It diagnoses this as the core cause and emphasises the importance of systematic investing to overcome it. Understanding how human psychological weaknesses like dopamine, FOMO, and group psychology influence investment decisions is the first step towards successful investing.


๐Ÿ”ฅ Key takeaways

1️⃣ Dopamine dominates investment decisions by addicting us to anticipation

  • Dopamine surges more from the “anticipation of making money” than from actual profits.
  • It induces irrational judgements: seeing a previously rising stock makes us mistakenly believe it “will rise again”, while a falling stock makes us believe it “will keep falling”.
  • Excitement and pleasure drive investment decisions, creating an impulse that “if I don't buy now, I'll fall behind”.

2️⃣ Group psychology (FOMO) is a powerful factor encouraging buying at peak prices

  • FOMO (Fear Of Missing Out) is a fundamental human psychology, amplified through social media and online communities.
  • Humans possess an instinctive belief that they are less likely to be wrong when part of a crowd.
  • However, in the stock market, the crowd's movements are always one step behind price reflection. Investors swept up in FOMO consequently jump in near the peak.

3️⃣ Systematising investment is the sole solution to overcoming emotion

4️⃣ Peaks and troughs exist not in the market, but within the investor's mind

  • Peaks are formed in an investor's psychology when market greed reaches its zenith, while troughs emerge when fear becomes extreme.
  • Observing one's own emotions rather than stock charts allows one to grasp the market's true position.
  • The art of investment is the art of self-psychological observation; recognising this transforms one into a market observer.


๐Ÿ” To summarise

The reason humans repeatedly buy at highs and sell at lows in the stock market is due to instinctive weaknesses: the addiction to dopamine-fuelled anticipation ingrained in the brain through evolution, and the group psychology that triggers FOMO. Stock prices mirror not only the economy but also human psychology, leading to price distortionscreated by greed and fear. To escape these psychological traps and achieve successful investing, it is essential to systematise your investment approach and curb emotional fluctuations through discipline. Systematic methods like dollar-cost averaging or periodic rebalancing become effective tools for excluding emotion. Ultimately, those who survive long in the market are not geniuses of prediction, but disciplined investors who control their own psychologyand objectively observe.


๐Ÿท️ Keywords

#Dopamine #FOMO #CrowdPsychology #InvestmentPsychology #Rebalancing #DollarCostAveraging #PriceDistortion #SelfPsychologicalObservation



์ธ๊ฐ„์€ ์™œ ๊ผญ ‘๊ณ ์ ์—์„œ’ ์‚ฐ ํ›„ ‘์ €์ ์—์„œ’ ๋งค๋„ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š”๊ฐ€?


๐Ÿ“Œ ํ•œ์ค„์š”์•ฝ

์ธ๊ฐ„์ด ํˆฌ์ž ์‹œ ๊ณ ์  ๋งค์ˆ˜, ์ €์  ๋งค๋„์˜ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ์ด์œ ๋Š” ์ˆ˜์ต์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๊ฐ์„ ๋ถˆ๋Ÿฌ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๋Š” ๋„ํŒŒ๋ฏผ ๋ฐ˜์‘, FOMO๋กœ ๋Œ€ํ‘œ๋˜๋Š” ์ง‘๋‹จ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ทน๋ณตํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹œ์žฅ์—์„œ ์‚ด์•„๋‚จ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ํˆฌ์ž๋ฅผ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ๊ด€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ทœ์œจ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค.


๐Ÿ“– ์™œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ๊ฐ€! (์˜๋ฏธ์™€ ๋งฅ๋ฝ)

์ฆ์‹œ๊ฐ€ ๊ธ‰๋“ฑํ•˜๋ฉฐ ํƒ์š•๊ณผ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๊ฐ์ด ๊ณ ์กฐ๋  ๋•Œ ํˆฌ์ž์ž๋“ค์ด ์ถฉ๋™์ ์ธ ๋งค์ˆ˜ ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ˜„์ƒ๊ณผ, ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋กœ ์‹œ์žฅ์— ๊ณตํฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทน์— ๋‹ฌํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ํˆฌ๋งคํ•˜๋Š” ์ธ๊ฐ„ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ฐ˜๋ณต์ ์ธ ์˜ค๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ณธ๋Šฅ์  ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ์‹์‹œ์žฅ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ ์™œ๊ณก์„ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ , ํˆฌ์ž์ž๋“ค์ด ๊ณ ์ ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ๊ณ  ์ €์ ์—์„œ ํŒŒ๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋‚ณ๋Š” ํ•ต์‹ฌ ์›์ธ์„ ์ง„๋‹จํ•˜๊ณ , ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ทน๋ณตํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์  ํˆฌ์ž์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋„ํŒŒ๋ฏผ, FOMO, ์ง‘๋‹จ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์•ฝ์ ์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํˆฌ์ž ๊ฒฐ์ •์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š”์ง€ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์ธ ํˆฌ์ž๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ฒซ๊ฑธ์Œ์ด๋‹ค.


๐Ÿ”ฅ ํ•ต์‹ฌ ํฌ์ธํŠธ (Key takeaways)

1️⃣ ๋„ํŒŒ๋ฏผ์€ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๊ฐ์— ์ค‘๋…๋˜์–ด ํˆฌ์ž ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ์ง€๋ฐฐํ•จ

  • ๋„ํŒŒ๋ฏผ์€ ์‹ค์ œ ์ˆ˜์ต๋ณด๋‹ค '๋ˆ์„ ๋ฒŒ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๊ฐ'์—์„œ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ๋ถ„์ถœํ•จ.

  • ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ์˜ค๋ฅธ ์ข…๋ชฉ์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด '๋‹ค์‹œ ์˜ค๋ฅผ ๊ฒƒ'์ด๋ผ ์ฐฉ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ , ๋–จ์–ด์ง€๋Š” ์ข…๋ชฉ์€ '๊ณ„์† ๋–จ์–ด์งˆ ๊ฒƒ'์ด๋ผ ๋ฏฟ๋Š” ๋น„์ด์„ฑ์  ํŒ๋‹จ ์œ ๋„ํ•จ.

  • ํฅ๋ถ„๊ณผ ์พŒ๊ฐ์ด ํˆฌ์ž ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ์ฃผ๋„ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, '์ง€๊ธˆ ์•ˆ ์‚ฌ๋ฉด ๋’ค์ฒ˜์งˆ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค'๋Š” ์ถฉ๋™์„ ์ผ์œผํ‚ด.

2️⃣ ์ง‘๋‹จ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ(FOMO)๋Š” ๊ณ ์  ๋งค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์ถ”๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ์š”์ธ์ž„

  • FOMO (Fear Of Missing Out, ๋‚˜๋งŒ ๋†“์น ๊นŒ ๋‘๋ ค์›€)๋Š” ์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋Œ€ํ‘œ์ ์ธ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์ด๋ฉฐ, SNS์™€ ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ฆํญ๋จ.

  • ์ธ๊ฐ„์€ ๊ตฐ์ค‘ ์†์—์„œ ์ž์‹ ์ด ํ‹€๋ฆด ํ™•๋ฅ ์ด ๋‚ฎ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ๋Š” ๋ณธ๋Šฅ์ด ์žˆ์Œ.

  • ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ฃผ์‹์‹œ์žฅ์—์„œ ๊ตฐ์ค‘์˜ ์›€์ง์ž„์€ ์ฃผ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ˜์˜๋ณด๋‹ค ํ•ญ์ƒ ํ•œ๊ฑธ์Œ ๋Šฆ์–ด, FOMO์— ํœฉ์“ธ๋ฆฐ ํˆฌ์ž์ž๋Š” ๊ณ ์  ๊ทผ์ฒ˜์—์„œ ๋›ฐ์–ด๋“ค๊ฒŒ ๋จ.

3️⃣ ํˆฌ์ž์˜ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œํ™”๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ์ •์„ ์ด๊ธฐ๋Š” ์œ ์ผํ•œ ํ•ด๋‹ต์ž„

  • ์‹ค๋ ฅ ์žˆ๋Š” ํˆฌ์ž์ž๋Š” ๊ฐ์ •์„ ๋ฐฐ์ œํ•˜๊ณ  ํˆฌ์ž์ „๋žต๊ณผ ์›์น™์„ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œํ™”ํ•จ.

  • ๊ฐ€์น˜ํˆฌ์ž์ž๋Š” ๋ฐธ๋ฅ˜์—์ด์…˜, ํ€€ํŠธ ํˆฌ์ž์ž๋Š” ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜, ์ž์‚ฐ ๋ฐฐ๋ถ„ํ˜• ํˆฌ์ž์ž๋Š” ๋ฆฌ๋ฐธ๋Ÿฐ์‹ฑ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ์ •์˜ ์ถœ๋ ์ž„์„ ํ†ต์ œํ•จ.

  • ์ •์•ก๋ถ„ํ• ๋งค์ˆ˜๋‚˜ ํฌํŠธํด๋ฆฌ์˜ค ๋ฆฌ๋ฐธ๋Ÿฐ์‹ฑ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ๊ทœ์œจ์ด ๋„ํŒŒ๋ฏผ ์ถฉ๋™์„ ์–ต์ œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ๋ฌด๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋จ.

  • ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์‹œ์žฅ์—์„œ ์˜ค๋ž˜ ์‚ด์•„๋‚จ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ๋ฐ˜์‘์„ ํ†ต์ œํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์„ฑ๊ณตํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ž„.

4️⃣ ๊ณ ์ ๊ณผ ์ €์ ์€ ์‹œ์žฅ์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ํˆฌ์ž์ž ๋งˆ์Œ์†์— ์žˆ์Œ

  • ๊ณ ์ ์€ ์‹œ์žฅ์˜ ํƒ์š•์ด, ์ €์ ์€ ๊ณตํฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทน์— ๋‹ฌํ•  ๋•Œ ํˆฌ์ž์ž์˜ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ์†์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง.

  • ์ฃผ๊ฐ€ ์ฐจํŠธ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๊ฐ์ •์„ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•  ๋•Œ ์‹œ์žฅ์˜ ์ง„์งœ ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ.

  • ํˆฌ์ž์˜ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์€ ๊ณง ์ž๊ธฐ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ๊ด€์ฐฐ์˜ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋ฅผ ์ธ์‹ํ•˜๋Š” ์ˆœ๊ฐ„ ์‹œ์žฅ์˜ ๊ด€์ฐฐ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ.


๐Ÿ” ์ •๋ฆฌํ•˜๋ฉด

์ธ๊ฐ„์ด ์ฃผ์‹์‹œ์žฅ์—์„œ ๊ณ ์  ๋งค์ˆ˜, ์ €์  ๋งค๋„๋ฅผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ง„ํ™” ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ๋‡Œ์— ๊ฐ์ธ๋œ ๋„ํŒŒ๋ฏผ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๊ฐ ์ค‘๋…, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  FOMO๋ฅผ ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š” ์ง‘๋‹จ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ๋ผ๋Š” ๋ณธ๋Šฅ์  ์•ฝ์  ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค. ์ฃผ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ œ๋ฟ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ธ๊ฐ„ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ฑฐ์šธ์ด๋ฉฐ, ํƒ์š•๊ณผ ๊ณตํฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ ์™œ๊ณก์„ ์ดˆ๋ž˜ํ•จ. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ํ•จ์ •์„ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚˜ ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์ธ ํˆฌ์ž๋ฅผ ์ด๋ฃจ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ํˆฌ์ž๋ฅผ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฐ์ •์˜ ์ถœ๋ ์ž„์„ ๊ทœ์œจ๋กœ ๊ฒฌ์ œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ด๋‹ค. ์ •์•ก๋ถ„ํ• ๋งค์ˆ˜๋‚˜ ์ฃผ๊ธฐ์ ์ธ ๋ฆฌ๋ฐธ๋Ÿฐ์‹ฑ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์  ์ ‘๊ทผ์€ ๊ฐ์ •์„ ๋ฐฐ์ œํ•˜๋Š” ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ๋ฌด๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋จ. ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์‹œ์žฅ์—์„œ ์˜ค๋ž˜ ์‚ด์•„๋‚จ๋Š” ์ด๋Š” ์˜ˆ์ธก์˜ ์ฒœ์žฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ, ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ต์ œํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฐ๊ด€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ทœ์œจ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ํˆฌ์ž์ž๋‹ค.


๐Ÿท️ ํ‚ค์›Œ๋“œ

#๋„ํŒŒ๋ฏผ #FOMO #์ง‘๋‹จ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ #๊ณ ์ ๋งค์ˆ˜์ €์ ๋งค๋„ #ํˆฌ์ž์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ #์‹œ์Šคํ…œํˆฌ์ž #๋ฆฌ๋ฐธ๋Ÿฐ์‹ฑ #์ •์•ก๋ถ„ํ• ๋งค์ˆ˜ #๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์™œ๊ณก #์ž๊ธฐ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ๊ด€์ฐฐ


๐Ÿšจ์ฃผ์˜: ์ด ๋ธ”๋กœ๊ทธ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋Š” ์ €์ž‘๊ถŒ์— ์˜ํ•ด ๋ณดํ˜ธ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ธ”๋กœ๊ทธ์—์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๋Š” ๋‚ด์šฉ์€ ํˆฌ์ž ๊ถŒ์œ ๋ฅผ ๋ชฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํŠน์ • ๊ธˆ์œต ์ƒํ’ˆ์˜ ๋งค์ˆ˜ ๋˜๋Š” ๋งค๋„๋ฅผ ๊ถŒ์žฅํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํˆฌ์ž ๊ฒฐ์ •์€ ์ „์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณธ์ธ์˜ ์ฑ…์ž„ ํ•˜์— ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ ธ์•ผ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ด ๋ธ”๋กœ๊ทธ์—์„œ ์ฑ…์ž„์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.