Bureaucratized companies without growth are dangerous! The core of investing is fun and distinguishing between what you know and don't know.

‘Bureaucratized’ companies without growth are dangerous! The core of investing is fun and distinguishing between what you know and don't know.





πŸ“Œ Summary

For investment success, the most crucial mindset is discovering what you genuinely enjoy over analyzing financial statements, clearly distinguishing between what you know and don't know, and minimizing losses.


πŸ“– Why it matters! (Meaning and context)

Successful investing isn't merely analyzing numbers or blindly following stocks others deem good. It emphasizes the importance of corporate culture—often overlooked by many investors—and the investor's intrinsic motivation. Companies stuck in stagnant growth inevitably undergo a corporate bureaucratization process, losing their investment value and diminishing the long-term efficiency of invested capital (ROIC). Moreover, internalizing the mindset of investment masters rather than their specific methods, and acknowledging one's own ignorance, becomes the fundamental strength to consistently generate returns in complex market conditions.


πŸ”₯ Key Takeaways

1️⃣ Avoid ‘Worst Companies’ with No Growth Pressure

  • Large corporations with stagnant growth tend to focus on employee welfare, becoming satisfied only internally.
  • When corporate culture becomes bureaucratized, it signifies the collapse of incentive structures for growth—an absolute red flag for investors.
  • Domestic giants like C* E** and A**P** exemplify this bureaucratization, spending heavily on hostage management (preventing employee exodus) once growth stalls.
  • When the engine of growth stalls, companies lose competitiveness and face the long-term investment risk of regressing to the mean.


2️⃣ Your Unique Filter for Finding Investment Targets: ‘Fun’ First

  • While most investors look at price or numbers first, aiming to buy cheap, prioritize finding targets that you personally find fun and want to talk about all day.
  • Investing time in areas lacking fun is defined as a waste that yields no Return on Assets (ROA) in life.
  • As seen in the case of investing in Netflix based on insights gained from studying Disney, understanding the essence and trends hidden behind the numbers is crucial.


3️⃣ Mindset and Risk Management Are More Important Than the Investment Methods of Masters

  • Value investing and growth investing are seen as meaningless distinctions; the goal of all successful investing is to generate returns based on a rational risk-reward ratio.
  • The investment methods of masters like Benjamin Graham can change with the times, so learning their mindset is essential.
  • Distinguishing between short-term trading and long-term investing is equally meaningless. What matters is whether the investment decision is a bet that makes probabilistic sense from a risk-reward ratio perspective.


4️⃣ The Core Secret to Successful Investing: ‘Knowing What You Know and What You Don't Know’

  • Legends like Warren Buffett and George Soros assert that beyond knowing what they know and what they don't know, they do nothing special.
  • Since the probability of being wrong is similar for everyone in investing, the crucial thing is to create a structure where you win big when you win (leveraging convexity) and lose small when you lose (risk management).
  • It is pointed out that people overestimate what they know or become overly confident about what they don't know (the third area, where they think they know what they don't know), which amplifies risk.


5️⃣ The ‘Dating Formula’ for Valuing Companies: Moats and Management's Role

  • Emphasizes how a company's organizational culture and incentive structure connect to its economic moat, judging efficiency by ROIC (Return on Invested Capital).
  • In the Uber case, Travis Kalanick's aggressive expansion strategy overcame opponents' arguments and built a moat. However, the analysis shows that after the founder's departure, growth momentum weakened, potentially reducing investment appeal.
  • Companies centered around a single leader can undergo a complete transformation in character when leadership changes. Warren Buffett is seen as favoring a collective decision-making system.


πŸ” Conclusion

Successful investing begins with interest and evolves into a process of managing risk by distinguishing between what you know and what you don't know. Investors must find areas that genuinely intrigue them, delve deeply, and understand a company's intrinsic value and trends without getting bogged down in numbers. Particularly, they should be wary of companies that stop growing and become corporate bureaucracies, as these can become traps for long-term investments. The key is to internalize the mindset of investment masters rather than their methodologies, and to make investment decisions with a reasonable risk-reward ratio through constant effort to distinguish what one knows from what one doesn't. Ultimately, investing connects to the study of finding fun and gaining insights from all life experiences.


πŸ’° Investment Advice

  • Growth-stalled companies (e.g., C* E**, A**per**, etc.) should be avoided for purchase, as internal inefficiencies (corporate bureaucratization) intensify.
  • Prioritize selecting interesting fields or companies you can passionately delve into, then determine the purchase timing by assessing the risk-reward ratio.
  • From a long-term perspective, assess whether a company's moat and ROIC metrics are strengthening, and use leadership changes or deteriorating organizational culture as criteria for selling.
  • Invest in assets with excessive speculative tendencies (e.g., cryptocurrency mining-related) only with a limited portion of your total investment capital, strictly managing your risk-reward ratio.


🏷️ Keywords

#TheJoyOfInvesting #KnowingAndNotKnowing #CorporateBureaucratization #GrowthStocks #ValueInvesting #RiskRewardRatio #Mindset #WarrenBuffett #Netflix #ROIC



'곡무원화'(κ΄€λ£Œν™”)ν•œ μ„±μž₯ μ—†λŠ” 기업은 μœ„ν—˜! 투자의 핡심은 μž¬λ―Έμ™€ μ•„λŠ” 것과 λͺ¨λ₯΄λŠ” κ²ƒμ˜ ꡬ뢄


πŸ“Œ ν•œμ€„μš”μ•½

투자 성곡을 μœ„ν•΄μ„œλŠ” μž¬λ¬΄μ œν‘œλ³΄λ‹€ μžμ‹ μ΄ μ§„μ •μœΌλ‘œ 재미λ₯Ό λŠλΌλŠ” λŒ€μƒμ„ λ°œκ΅΄ν•˜κ³ , μ•„λŠ” 것과 λͺ¨λ₯΄λŠ” κ²ƒμ˜ ꡬ뢄을 λͺ…ν™•νžˆ ν•˜μ—¬ 손해λ₯Ό μ΅œμ†Œν™”ν•˜λŠ” λ§ˆμΈλ“œμ…‹μ΄ κ°€μž₯ μ€‘μš”ν•˜λ‹€.


πŸ“– μ™œ μ€‘μš”ν•œκ°€! (μ˜λ―Έμ™€ λ§₯락)

성곡적인 νˆ¬μžλŠ” λ‹¨μˆœνžˆ 숫자λ₯Ό λΆ„μ„ν•˜κ±°λ‚˜ 남이 μ’‹λ‹€κ³  ν•˜λŠ” μ’…λͺ©μ„ 따라 μ‚¬λŠ” ν–‰μœ„κ°€ μ•„λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ§Žμ€ νˆ¬μžμžκ°€ κ°„κ³Όν•˜λŠ” κΈ°μ—… λ¬Έν™”μ˜ μ€‘μš”μ„±κ³Ό 투자자의 내면적 동기λ₯Ό κ°•μ‘°ν•œλ‹€. μ„±μž₯이 μ •μ²΄λœ 기업은 ν•„μ—°μ μœΌλ‘œ νšŒμ‚¬ 곡무원화 과정을 κ²ͺ으며 투자 κ°€μΉ˜λ₯Ό μƒμ‹€ν•˜κ²Œ 되며, μ΄λŠ” μž₯기적으둜 투자금의 νš¨μœ¨μ„±(ROIC)을 λ–¨μ–΄λœ¨λ¦°λ‹€. λ˜ν•œ, λŒ€κ°€λ“€μ˜ νˆ¬μžλ²•λ³΄λ‹€ κ·Έλ“€μ˜ 사고방식(λ§ˆμΈλ“œμ…‹)을 μ²΄λ“ν•˜κ³  μžμ‹ μ˜ 무지λ₯Ό μΈμ •ν•˜λŠ” 것이 λ³΅μž‘ν•œ μ‹œμž₯ μƒν™©μ—μ„œ κΎΈμ€€νžˆ μˆ˜μ΅μ„ μ°½μΆœν•  수 μžˆλŠ” 근본적인 힘이 λœλ‹€.


πŸ”₯ 핡심 포인트 (Key takeaways)

1️⃣ μ„±μž₯ μ••λ ₯이 μ—†λŠ” 'μ΅œμ•…μ˜ νšŒμ‚¬' νšŒν”Ό

  • μ„±μž₯이 μ •μ²΄λœ λŒ€κΈ°μ—…λ“€μ΄ 직원 볡지에 μ§‘μ€‘ν•˜λ©° λ‚΄λΆ€μ μœΌλ‘œλ§Œ λ§Œμ‘±ν•˜λŠ” κ²½ν–₯이 λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚œλ‹€.

  • κΈ°μ—… λ¬Έν™”κ°€ νšŒμ‚¬ κ³΅λ¬΄μ›ν™”λ˜λŠ” 것은 μ„±μž₯을 μœ„ν•œ μΈμ„Όν‹°λΈŒ ꡬ쑰가 μ™€ν•΄λ˜μ—ˆμŒμ„ μ˜λ―Έν•˜λ©°, μ΄λŠ” 투자λ₯Ό μ ˆλŒ€ ν”Όν•΄μ•Ό ν•  μœ„ν—˜ μ‹ ν˜Έμ΄λ‹€.

  • κ΅­λ‚΄ λŒ€ν‘œμ  κΈ°μ—… 쀑 C* E**, μ•„**퍼** 등은 μ„±μž₯이 λ§‰νžˆμž 인질 관리(직원 μ΄νƒˆ λ°©μ§€)에 λΉ„μš©μ„ μ“°λ©° κ³΅λ¬΄μ›ν™”λœ λŒ€ν‘œμ  μ‚¬λ‘€λ‘œ νŒλ‹¨ν•œλ‹€.

  • μ„±μž₯의 동λ ₯이 κΊΌμ§€λ©΄ 기업은 경쟁λ ₯을 μžƒκ³  ν‰κ· μœΌλ‘œ νšŒκ·€ν•˜λŠ” μž₯κΈ° 투자의 μœ„ν—˜μ— λ…ΈμΆœλœλ‹€.


2️⃣ 투자 λŒ€μƒμ„ μ°ΎλŠ” 본인만의 λ…νŠΉν•œ ν•„ν„°: '재미' μš°μ„ 

  • λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ˜ νˆ¬μžμžλŠ” κ°€κ²©μ΄λ‚˜ 숫자λ₯Ό λ¨Όμ € 보고 μ‹Έκ²Œ 사렀고 ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ, μžμ‹ μ΄ 재미λ₯Ό 느끼고 ν•˜λ£¨ 쒅일 μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜κ³  싢은 λŒ€μƒμ„ μ°ΎλŠ” 것을 μš°μ„ ν•œλ‹€.

  • μž¬λ―Έκ°€ μ—†λŠ” 뢄야에 μ‹œκ°„μ„ νˆ¬μžν•˜λŠ” 것은 μΈμƒμ˜ ROA(Return on Assets)κ°€ λ‚˜μ˜€μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ” λ‚­λΉ„λ‘œ κ·œμ •ν•œλ‹€.

  • λ””μ¦ˆλ‹ˆλ₯Ό κ³΅λΆ€ν•œ 끝에 얻은 ν†΅μ°°λ‘œ λ„·ν”Œλ¦­μŠ€μ— νˆ¬μžν•œ μ‚¬λ‘€μ—μ„œ 보듯, 숫자 이면에 μˆ¨κ²¨μ§„ 본질과 νŠΈλ Œλ“œλ₯Ό νŒŒμ•…ν•˜λŠ” 것이 μ€‘μš”ν•˜λ‹€.


3️⃣ λŒ€κ°€λ“€μ˜ νˆ¬μžλ²•λ³΄λ‹€ μ€‘μš”ν•œ '사고방식(λ§ˆμΈλ“œμ…‹)'κ³Ό μœ„ν—˜ 관리

  • κ°€μΉ˜νˆ¬μžμ™€ μ„±μž₯μ£Ό 투자의 ꡬ뢄을 의미 μ—†λ‹€κ³  보며, λͺ¨λ“  성곡적인 νˆ¬μžλŠ” 합리적 손읡비λ₯Ό λ°”νƒ•μœΌλ‘œ μˆ˜μ΅μ„ μ°½μΆœν•˜λŠ” 것이 λͺ©μ μ΄λ‹€.

  • 벀자민 κ·Έλ ˆμ΄μ—„ 같은 λŒ€κ°€λ“€μ˜ νˆ¬μžλ²•μ€ μ‹œλŒ€μ  상황에 따라 λ°”λ€” 수 μžˆμœΌλ―€λ‘œ, κ·Έλ“€μ˜ 사고방식(λ§ˆμΈλ“œμ…‹)을 λ°°μš°λŠ” 것이 λ³Έμ§ˆμ μ΄λ‹€.

  • 단기 νŠΈλ ˆμ΄λ”©κ³Ό μž₯κΈ° 투자λ₯Ό κ΅¬λΆ„ν•˜λŠ” 것 μ—­μ‹œ λ¬΄μ˜λ―Έν•˜λ©°, μ€‘μš”ν•œ 것은 투자 결정이 ν™•λ₯ μ μœΌλ‘œ 말이 λ˜λŠ” λ² νŒ…μΈκ°€ ν•˜λŠ” μ†μ΅λΉ„μ˜ 관점이닀.


4️⃣ 성곡 투자의 핡심 λΉ„λ°€: 'μ•„λŠ” 것과 λͺ¨λ₯΄λŠ” κ²ƒμ˜ ꡬ뢄'

  • μ›Œλ Œ λ²„ν•μ΄λ‚˜ μ‘°μ§€ μ†Œλ‘œμŠ€ 같은 λŒ€κ°€λ“€ μ—­μ‹œ μ•„λŠ” 것과 λͺ¨λ₯΄λŠ” κ²ƒμ˜ ꡬ뢄 μ™Έμ—λŠ” νŠΉλ³„ν•œ 것을 ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ”λ‹€κ³  λ‹¨μ–Έν•œλ‹€.

  • νˆ¬μžμ—μ„œ 틀릴 ν™•λ₯ μ€ λͺ¨λ‘ λΉ„μŠ·ν•˜λ―€λ‘œ, μ€‘μš”ν•œ 것은 벌 λ•Œ 많이 벌고(컨벑슀 ν™œμš©), μžƒμ„ λ•Œ 적게 μžƒλŠ”(리슀크 관리) ꡬ쑰λ₯Ό λ§Œλ“œλŠ” 것이닀.

  • μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ μžμ‹ μ΄ μ•„λŠ” 것을 κ³Όμ‹ ν•˜κ±°λ‚˜, μžμ‹ μ΄ 뭘 λͺ¨λ₯΄λŠ”μ§€(λͺ¨λ₯΄λŠ” κ±Έ λͺ¨λ₯Έλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•˜λŠ” μ„Έ 번째 μ˜μ—­)에 λŒ€ν•΄ λ„ˆλ¬΄ ν™•μ‹ ν•˜λŠ” 것이 μœ„ν—˜μ„ ν‚€μš΄λ‹€κ³  μ§€μ ν•œλ‹€.


5️⃣ κΈ°μ—… ν‰κ°€μ˜ 'μ—°μ•  곡식': ν•΄μž(Moat)와 κ²½μ˜μ§„μ˜ μ—­ν• 

  • κΈ°μ—…μ˜ 쑰직 문화와 μΈμ„Όν‹°λΈŒ ꡬ쑰가 κΈ°μ—…μ˜ ν•΄μž(경제적 ν•΄μž, Moat)와 μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μ—°κ²°λ˜λŠ”μ§€ μ€‘μ‹œν•˜λ©°, ROIC(νˆ¬ν•˜ 자본수읡λ₯ )둜 νš¨μœ¨μ„±μ„ νŒλ‹¨ν•œλ‹€.

  • μš°λ²„(Uber) μ‚¬λ‘€μ—μ„œ νŠΈλž˜λΉ„μŠ€ μΊ˜λŸ¬λ‹‰μ˜ 곡격적 ν™•μž₯ 방식이 λ°˜λŒ€λ‘ μžμ˜ 논리λ₯Ό κΉ¨κ³  ν•΄μžλ₯Ό κ΅¬μΆ•ν–ˆμ§€λ§Œ, μ°½μ—…κ°€ μ΄νƒˆ ν›„ μ„±μž₯ 동λ ₯이 μ•½ν™”λ˜μ–΄ 투자 λ§€λ ₯이 κ°μ†Œν•  수 μžˆμŒμ„ λΆ„μ„ν•œλ‹€.

  • 단일 κ²½μ˜μ§„ μ€‘μ‹¬μ˜ 기업은 리더 ꡐ체 μ‹œ νšŒμ‚¬ 성격이 μ™„μ „νžˆ λ°”λ€” 수 μžˆμœΌλ―€λ‘œ, μ›Œλ Œ 버핏은 집단 μ˜μ‚¬ κ²°μ • μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ„ μ„ ν˜Έν•œλ‹€κ³  λ³Έλ‹€.


πŸ” μ •λ¦¬ν•˜λ©΄

성곡적인 νˆ¬μžλŠ” μž¬λ―Έμ—μ„œ μ‹œμž‘ν•˜μ—¬ μ•„λŠ” 것과 λͺ¨λ₯΄λŠ” κ²ƒμ˜ ꡬ뢄을 톡해 리슀크λ₯Ό κ΄€λ¦¬ν•˜λŠ” 과정이닀. νˆ¬μžμžλŠ” μžμ‹ μ΄ μ§„μ •μœΌλ‘œ ν₯λ―Έλ₯Ό λŠλΌλŠ” λΆ„μ•Όλ₯Ό μ°Ύμ•„ 깊이 νŒŒκ³ λ“€μ–΄, μˆ«μžμ— λ§€λͺ°λ˜μ§€ μ•Šκ³  κΈ°μ—…μ˜ 본질적 κ°€μΉ˜μ™€ νŠΈλ Œλ“œλ₯Ό 이해해야 ν•œλ‹€. 특히, μ„±μž₯이 λ©ˆμΆ”κ³  νšŒμ‚¬ κ³΅λ¬΄μ›ν™”λ˜λŠ” 기업은 μž₯κΈ° 투자의 함정이 될 수 μžˆμŒμ„ 경계해야 ν•œλ‹€. 투자 λŒ€κ°€λ“€μ˜ λ°©λ²•λ‘ λ³΄λ‹€λŠ” κ·Έλ“€μ˜ λ§ˆμΈλ“œμ…‹μ„ μ²΄λ“ν•˜κ³ , λŠμž„μ—†μ΄ μžμ‹ μ΄ 무엇을 μ•Œκ³  λͺ¨λ₯΄λŠ”μ§€λ₯Ό κ΅¬λ³„ν•˜λ €λŠ” λ…Έλ ₯을 톡해 합리적인 손읡비λ₯Ό κ°–μΆ˜ 투자 결정을 λ‚΄λ¦¬λŠ” 것이 핡심이닀. ꢁ극적으둜 νˆ¬μžλŠ” μ‚Άμ˜ λͺ¨λ“  κ²½ν—˜μ—μ„œ 재미λ₯Ό 느끼고 톡찰을 μ–»λŠ” 곡뢀와 μ—°κ²°λœλ‹€.


πŸ’° 투자 μ‘°μ–Έ

  • μ„±μž₯성이 λ§‰νžŒ κΈ°μ—…(예: C* E**, μ•„**퍼** λ“±)은 내뢀적 λΉ„νš¨μœ¨μ„±(νšŒμ‚¬ 곡무원화)이 μ‹¬ν™”λ˜λ―€λ‘œ 맀수λ₯Ό μ§€μ–‘ν•œλ‹€.

  • μžμ‹ μ΄ μ—΄μ •μ μœΌλ‘œ νŒŒκ³ λ“€ 수 μžˆλŠ” μž¬λ―ΈμžˆλŠ” λΆ„μ•Ό λ˜λŠ” 기업을 μš°μ„ μ μœΌλ‘œ μ„ μ •ν•œ ν›„, 손읡비λ₯Ό λ”°μ Έ 맀수 타이밍을 κ²°μ •ν•œλ‹€.

  • μž₯기적인 κ΄€μ μ—μ„œ κΈ°μ—…μ˜ ν•΄μž(Moat)와 ROIC μ§€ν‘œκ°€ κ°•ν•΄μ§€λŠ”μ§€λ₯Ό μ κ²€ν•˜λ©°, 리더십 λ³€ν™”λ‚˜ 쑰직 λ¬Έν™”μ˜ μ•…ν™”λ₯Ό 맀도 κΈ°μ€€μœΌλ‘œ ν™œμš©ν•œλ‹€.

  • κ³Όλ„ν•œ 투기 μ„±ν–₯의 μžμ‚°(예: 코인 채꡴ κ΄€λ ¨)에 λŒ€ν•œ νˆ¬μžλŠ” 전체 투자금 쀑 μ œν•œμ  λΉ„μ€‘μœΌλ‘œλ§Œ μ ‘κ·Όν•˜μ—¬ 손읡비 관리λ₯Ό μ² μ €νžˆ ν•œλ‹€.


🏷️ ν‚€μ›Œλ“œ

#투자의재미 #μ•„λŠ”κ²ƒκ³Όλͺ¨λ₯΄λŠ”κ²ƒμ˜κ΅¬λΆ„ #νšŒμ‚¬κ³΅λ¬΄μ›ν™” #μ„±μž₯μ£Ό #κ°€μΉ˜νˆ¬μž #손읡비 #λ§ˆμΈλ“œμ…‹ #μ›Œλ Œλ²„ν• #λ„·ν”Œλ¦­μŠ€ #ROIC


🚨주의: 이 λΈ”λ‘œκ·Έ μžλ£ŒλŠ” μ €μž‘κΆŒμ— μ˜ν•΄ λ³΄ν˜Έλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΈ”λ‘œκ·Έμ—μ„œ λ‹€λ£¨λŠ” λ‚΄μš©μ€ 투자 ꢌ유λ₯Ό λͺ©μ μœΌλ‘œ ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμœΌλ©°, νŠΉμ • 금육 μƒν’ˆμ˜ 맀수 λ˜λŠ” 맀도λ₯Ό ꢌμž₯ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 투자 결정은 μ „μ μœΌλ‘œ 본인의 μ±…μž„ ν•˜μ— 이루어져야 ν•˜λ©°, 이 λΈ”λ‘œκ·Έμ—μ„œ μ±…μž„μ§€μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.